| abbr – abbreviation |
| act – active voice |
| add – additive case |
| adj/ Adj – adjective |
| adv/ Adv – adverb |
| aff – affirmative |
| ajc – adjacent |
| ant – antonym |
| appos – apposition |
| aprt – active participle / present participle |
| arch – archaic (old, no longer in use) |
| art – article |
| asrt – assertive mood |
| attr – attributive |
| aux v – auxiliary verb |
| bg – background |
| c – common gender |
| card – cardinal numeral |
| caus – causative |
| cent – centric case |
| coll – collocation |
| comp – compound |
| conj/cnj – conjunction |
| cmpr – comparative |
| dat – dative case |
| decl – declarative mood |
| def – definite |
| dem – demonstrative |
| dep – dependent (clause) |
| det – determiner |
| dim – diminutive |
| dir – direct case/ voice |
| distr – distributive case |
| dobj – direct object |
| emph – emphatic |
| epit – epithet |
| erg – ergative case |
| ev – evidential |
| exist – existential |
| f/fem – feminine |
| fin – finite verb |
| foc – focus |
| fut – future tense |
| ger – gerund |
| hyph – hyphenated |
| idm – idiom |
| imp – imperative mood |
| ind – indicative mood |
| inf – infinitive |
| int – interrogative |
| intr /i – intransitive |
| interj/ inj – interjection |
| is – indirect speech |
| m/masc – masculine |
| mod – modal/ mood |
| n – noun |
| neut – neuter gender |
| neg – negation/ negative |
| nfin- non finite |
| nom – nominative |
| nom com – nominal compound |
| num – numeral |
| obj – object |
| onom – onomatopoeia |
| opp – opposite |
| opt – opative mood |
| ord – ordinal number |
| orig – origin |
| pass – passive voice |
| perm – -permission/ permissive mood |
| pers – personal |
| phr – phrase |
| phr v – phrasal verb |
| pl – plural |
| pp – past participle |
| poss – possessive |
| pprt – past participle/ passive participle |
| pred – predicative |
| pref – prefix |
| prep – preposition |
| perf – perfect |
| prog – progressive |
| pron – pronoun |
| pres t – present tense |
| prtl – particle (adverb) |
| prtcl – participle |
| pst/ pt – past tense |
| sb – somebody |
| sing – singular |
| sth – something |
| subj – subject |
| suff – suffix |
| v – verb |
English Literature and Grammar 